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- Interest rates impact the share of your mortgage that has been paid off, and lower interest rates are better.
- From 1971 to 2007, mortgage interest rates as reported on Freddie Mac’s Primary Mortgage Market Survey ranged from a low of 5.21 percent to a high of 18.63 percent. Today’s mortgage rates—which have between 4.19 and 5.21 percent in the last year and 4.19 and 4.79 percent in the last 6 months—are at record lows.
- In the graph above, we see how much of a constant dollar loan is paid off over the course of its 30 year life at different mortgage rates. Because these are all 30 year fully amortizing loans, they are all 100 percent paid off at 30 years. In between, however, we see that the lower the mortgage rates enable a borrower to pay off a greater share of the loan much faster. The graph below shows the same picture, zoomed into the first 20 years so that differences are easier to see.
- For example, at a 4.25 percent mortgage rate, one-quarter of the loan is paid off after only 12 years. At a 5.5 percent mortgage rate, paying down one-quarter takes 13 years. At a 7 percent rate, that does not occur until after 15 years. At a 10 percent rate, one-quarter is paid off at 18 years; at 13 percent, that happens at 20 years.
- Further, at the 20-year cut-off, the only loan that is more than half paid off is the loan at a 4.25 percent rate.
- Interest rates are essentially the price of borrowing money. When interest rates are high, the cost of borrowing is high and there is an incentive to save. When interest rates are low, the cost of borrowing is low.
- In any year most home buyers borrow money to purchase a home. In fact, according to the newly released 2010 Profile of Home Buyers and Sellers, 91 percent of buyers financed their home purchase in 2010 including 96 percent of first-time buyers. For most home buyers then, low mortgage rates—a low cost of borrowing—are a great thing, enabling them to pay down more of the loan in the early years of borrowing.
- How long will rates stay this low? In a recent Real Estate Insights commentary, Lawrence Yun outlines the potential direction, concluding that mortgage rates are more likely to rise than to fall much further—in fact, we may already have reached the lowest mortgage rates.
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